I spend a lot more time reading nutrition labels than I ever thought I would.
Years ago, I might have looked at calories. Maybe carbohydrates. Maybe I wouldn’t have looked at the label at all.
Things are different now.
When you’re trying to manage multiple health conditions, that little box on the back of a package suddenly becomes pretty important.
For me, sodium is usually one of the first things I look at. But I also pay attention to carbohydrates, potassium and phosphorus.
Before I look at any of those numbers, though, I’ve learned to look at something else first:
Serving size.
Because without knowing the serving size, almost every other number on that label can be misleading.
I Always Start at the Top: Serving Size
This is probably the biggest lesson I’ve learned from reading nutrition labels.
The numbers on a Nutrition Facts label are based on the serving size listed at the top.
That sounds obvious.
It isn’t always obvious when you’re standing in the kitchen.
A package may look like something a normal person would eat in one sitting, but the label may consider it two servings.
If one serving contains 400 mg of sodium and I eat the entire package—and the package contains two servings—I didn’t eat 400 mg of sodium.
I ate 800 mg.
The same math applies to carbohydrates and the other nutrients on the label.
That’s why my eyes go to Serving size and Servings per container before anything else.
A “Single” Package Isn’t Necessarily a Single Serving
This one drives me crazy.
You pick up something that looks like it was clearly packaged for one person.
A drink.
A small container of macaroni and cheese.
A snack.
A frozen meal or another individually packaged food.
Your brain naturally thinks:
One package = one serving.
Not necessarily.
Depending on the product and labeling rules, a package can contain more than one labeled serving. Some products that could reasonably be consumed either at once or over multiple occasions may show both per-serving and per-packagenutrition information.
So I don’t assume anymore.
If I’m planning to eat the entire container, I want to know the nutrition information for the entire container, not just whatever serving happens to be listed on the front or back.
Seasonings Can Really Fool You
Seasonings are another perfect example.
I’ll pick up a seasoning and immediately look at sodium.
Maybe it doesn’t look terrible.
Then I look at the serving size:
1/4 teaspoon.
Seriously?
Have you ever measured 1/4 teaspoon of seasoning?
It’s almost nothing.
If that 1/4 teaspoon contains 150 mg of sodium but I actually shake a full teaspoon onto my food, I’ve used four servings.
That’s 600 mg of sodium.
Suddenly that innocent-looking seasoning isn’t so innocent.
That’s why I don’t just ask:
“How much sodium is in this?”
I ask:
“How much sodium is in the amount I’m actually going to use?”
That’s a completely different question.
Sodium Is Usually My Next Stop
Once I understand the serving size, sodium is usually where I go next.
The Nutrition Facts label lists sodium in milligrams (mg) and also provides a % Daily Value.
For my own tracking, I tend to concentrate on the milligrams because I’m trying to understand how the food fits into my entire day.
If something has 300 mg of sodium per serving and I know I’m going to eat two servings, I’m mentally turning that into 600 mg before deciding whether it works for me.
I’ve learned that the number printed on the label doesn’t matter nearly as much as:
Number on label × number of servings I actually consume.
That’s the number I’m really eating.
“Low Sodium” Has an Actual Meaning
Another thing I’ve learned is that phrases on the front of a package aren’t all interchangeable.
Then there is “sodium free,” which generally means less than 5 mg per serving.
But here’s one that I think can be confusing:
“No salt added” does NOT necessarily mean sodium free.
“No salt added” or “unsalted” generally means salt wasn’t added during processing. The food can still naturally contain sodium, or sodium can potentially come from other ingredients.
So even when I see NO SALT ADDED printed across the front of a package, I turn it around.
I still read the Nutrition Facts label.
Then I Check the Carbohydrates
Sodium isn’t the only thing I have to think about.
I also pay close attention to Total Carbohydrate.
Again, serving size matters.
If something contains 25 grams of carbohydrates per serving but I eat two servings, I’m eating 50 grams of carbohydrates.
It’s another reason something being “low sodium” doesn’t automatically make it an unlimited food.
A product can be excellent from a sodium standpoint and still contain far more carbohydrates than I want in the portion I’m planning to eat.
That’s why I try not to judge a food by a single number.
Potassium Is Another Number I Watch
Potassium is another nutrient I pay attention to.
This one can get a little trickier because individual potassium needs can vary considerably, particularly when kidney function, medications and other medical conditions enter the picture.
So I’m not going to give anyone a potassium target.
That’s something that should be determined with their healthcare team based on their individual circumstances and lab results.
For me, the important lesson is simply that I look.
A product that works beautifully in one area might not work as well in another.
What About Phosphorus?
Phosphorus can be even trickier.
It may appear on the Nutrition Facts label, but phosphorus isn’t one of the nutrients that is required to be listed on every Nutrition Facts panel.
So sometimes I have to go beyond the numbers and look at the ingredient list.
For people who have been told to monitor phosphorus, ingredients containing “phos” can indicate added phosphorus—for example, certain phosphate additives.
This is also a good example of why I think “reading the label” means more than reading the Nutrition Facts box.
Sometimes the ingredient list matters too.
I Don’t Trust the Front of the Package
I’ve learned to treat the front of a package as advertising.
Low sodium!
Reduced sodium!
No salt added!
Heart healthy!
Those statements may provide useful information, and regulated nutrient claims have specific definitions, but they don’t tell me everything I need to know about whether that food works for me.
I turn the package around.
The back is where I make my decision.
And I always start with the serving size.
My Quick Label Check
I’ve gotten into a pretty simple routine:
- Serving size — How much food are these numbers actually describing?
- Servings per container — Am I realistically going to eat one serving or the whole thing?
- Sodium — How many milligrams will be in the portion I’m actually eating?
- Total carbohydrates — Again, based on my actual portion.
- Potassium — Something I watch based on my own medical needs.
- Phosphorus/ingredients — If phosphorus matters, I look beyond the Nutrition Facts panel and check the ingredient list too.
- Do the math — If I’m eating two servings, I count two servings of everything.
That last step is probably the most important.
The Label Isn’t Wrong — But I Can Read It Wrong
That’s really the lesson I’ve learned.
A package may clearly tell me that something has 200 mg of sodium.
The problem comes when I stop reading before noticing:
Serving size: 1/2 package.
If I eat the entire package, that’s 400 mg.
The same thing happens with carbohydrates.
And seasonings are probably one of my favorite examples because 1/4 teaspoon can make the sodium number look relatively small when I might actually use several times that amount.
The label gave me the information.
I just have to read all of it.
❤️ Greg’s Take
Reading nutrition labels has become second nature to me.
I’m sure there are people who can walk through a grocery store, throw something into their cart and never turn the package around.
I can’t do that anymore.
But I’ve also learned that simply checking sodium isn’t enough.
I need to know the serving size.
I need to know how many servings I’m actually going to eat.
Then I can look at sodium, carbohydrates, potassium and, when appropriate, phosphorus and the ingredient list.
And I’ve learned never to assume that because something looks like an individual package, the nutrition label treats the entire thing as one serving.
Read the serving size first.
Then read everything else.
Because 200 mg of sodium per serving sounds pretty good until you discover you just ate three servings.
And that tiny 1/4 teaspoon serving of seasoning?
Yeah.
I’m pretty sure nobody has ever looked at my dinner and accused me of under-seasoning it.
Medical Disclaimer: I am not a doctor or medical professional. This article describes my personal experience how I look at and use nutritional value to monitor my chronic illness. Everyone’s medical situation is different, and my experience should not be used to diagnose or treat a medical condition or determine what someone needs. Always discuss nutrition, symptoms, test results and treatment decisions with your doctor or other qualified healthcare professional. If you experience symptoms that may represent a medical emergency, seek emergency medical care rather than relying upon information on this website.





